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Abstract
Water spinach cultivation in Pulau Semambu Village, South Sumatra, still encounters several constraints, including low productivity, pest and disease attacks, and limited use of biological agents to support sustainable production. This community service program aimed to strengthen farmers’ capacity by introducing practical knowledge and skills in producing and applying locally sourced Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) within a healthy cultivation system. The activities were implemented through four participatory stages: socialization of PGPR concepts and healthy farming practices, training on PGPR production, on-farm demonstration (demonfarm) of its application, and monitoring and evaluation of plant growth and farmer responses. Evaluation results indicated an 85% increase in participants’ knowledge and skills. PGPR application improved plant height, leaf number, and overall vigor of water spinach while reducing pest and disease symptoms. The program demonstrates that participatory training combined with demonfarm effectively facilitates PGPR technology adoption to support environmentally friendly and sustainable water spinach production.
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References
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- Sime, M., Ballo, S., Abro, Z., Gugissa, D. A., Mendesil, E., & Tefera, T. (2024). Farmers ’ Perceptions of Maize Production Constraints and the Effects of Push – Pull Technology on Soil Fertility , Pest Infestation , and Maize Yield in Southwest Ethiopia. Agriculture, 14(381), 1–12.
- Tan, E. C. D., & Lamers, P. (2021). Circular Bioeconomy Concepts — A Perspective. Perspective, 2(701509), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/frsus.2021.701509
- Yang, P., Condrich, A., Scranton, S., Hebner, C., Lu, L., & Ali, M. A. (2024). Utilizing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to advance sustainable agriculture. Bacteria, 3, 434–451. https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria3040030
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References
Aktar, W., Sengupta, D., & Chowdhury, A. (2009). Impact of pesticides use in agriculture : their benefits and hazards. Interdisciplinary Toxicology, 2(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10102-009-0001-7
Alawiyah, F. M., & Cahyono, E. D. (2018). Persepsi petani terhadap introduksi inovasi agens hayati melalui kombinasi media demplot dan Farmer Field Day. Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian Dan Agribisnis (JEPA), 2(1), 19–28.
Backer, R., Rokem, J. S., Ilangumaran, G., Lamont, J., Praslickova, D., Ricci, E., Subramanian, S., & Smith, D. L. (2018). Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria : Context , Mechanisms of Action , and Roadmap to Commercialization of Biostimulants for Sustainable Agriculture. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, 1473. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01473
Bhardwaj, D., Ansari, M. W., Sahoo, R. K., & Tuteja, N. (2014). Biofertilizers function as key player in sustainable agriculture by improving soil fertility, plant tolerance and crop productivity. Microbial Cell Factories, 13(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2859-13-66
Carvalho, F. P. (2017). Pesticides , environment , and food safety. Food and Energy Security, 6(2), 48–60. https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.108
Chandran, H., Meena, M., & Swapnil, P. (2021). Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria as a green alternative for sustainable agriculture. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(19), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910986
Etesami, H., & Adl, S. M. (2020). Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and their action mechanisms in availability of nutrients to plants (M. Kumar, V. Kumar, & R. Prasad (eds.)). Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2576-6_16
Hayat, R., Ali, S., Amara, U., Khalid, R., & Ahmed, I. (2010). Soil beneficial bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion: A review. Annals of Microbiology, 60(4), 579–598. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-010-0117-1
Hidayat, N. A., & Ibnu, A. (2024). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Petani Melalui Program Sekolah Lapang Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu ( SL-PTT ) di Desa Beru-Beru Kecamatan Kalukku Kabupaten Mamuju Penulis : Email : Abstrak Provinsi Sulawesi Barat terletak pada sisi barat pulau Sulawesi dengan luas. Jurnal Terapan Pemerintahan Minangkabau, 4(2), 168–176.
Jaoudé, R. A., Luziatelli, F., Ficca, A. G., & Ruzzi, M. (2025). Effect of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria synthetic consortium on growth, yield, and metabolic profile of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) grown under suboptimal nutrient regime. Horticulturae, 11(64), 1–23.
Kacaribu, A. A., & Darwin. (2024). Biotechnological lactic acid production from low-cost renewable sources via anaerobic microbial processes. BioTechnologia: Journal of Biotechnology, Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology, 105(2), 179–194.
Kumar, M., Poonam, Ahmad, S., & Singh, R. P. (2022). Plant growth promoting microbes : Diverse roles for sustainable and ecofriendly agriculture. Energy Nexus, 7(100133), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2022.100133
Lata, D. L., Abdie, O., & Rezene, Y. (2024). IAA-producing bacteria from the rhizosphere of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): Isolation, characterization, and their effects on plant growth performance. Heliyon, 10(21), e39702. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39702
Manikandan, P., & Kalaiarasu, S. (2022). PGPR co-aggregation an augument for the effect against ISR mediated pathosystem of rice blast disease (Pyricularia oryzae) of Tanjore District, Tamil Nadu. International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, 9(4), 138–141.
Mohamed, I., Eid, K. E., Abbas, M. H. H., Salem, A. A., Ahmed, N., Ali, M., Shah, G. M., & Fang, C. (2019). Use of plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and mycorrhizae to improve the growth and nutrient utilization of common bean in a soil infected with white rot fungi. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 171, 539–548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.100
Nik, N., Rusae, A., & Naju, E. (2024). Effect of bokashi dose and frequency of administration of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) against pest and disease attacks on Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L .). Contributions of Central Research Institute for Agriculture, 18(1), 14–19. https://doi.org/10.59651/ccria
Priyadi, S., Soelistijono, R., Haryuni, H., Wibowo, M. T., & Sholkhan, A. (2025). Pemberdayaan Pemuda Desa melalui Bioekonomi Pertanian : Strategi Pembangunan Kemandirian dan Ketahanan Pangan Lokal. GANESHA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 5(2), 786–793.
Sari, K. W., & Attahira, S. S. (2022). Pengaruh pemberian Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) asal akar tanaman bambu terhadap pertumbuhan kecambah padi. Jurnal Ecosolum, 11(1), 29–37. https://doi.org/10.20956/ecosolum.V11i1.21144
Sime, M., Ballo, S., Abro, Z., Gugissa, D. A., Mendesil, E., & Tefera, T. (2024). Farmers ’ Perceptions of Maize Production Constraints and the Effects of Push – Pull Technology on Soil Fertility , Pest Infestation , and Maize Yield in Southwest Ethiopia. Agriculture, 14(381), 1–12.
Tan, E. C. D., & Lamers, P. (2021). Circular Bioeconomy Concepts — A Perspective. Perspective, 2(701509), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/frsus.2021.701509
Yang, P., Condrich, A., Scranton, S., Hebner, C., Lu, L., & Ali, M. A. (2024). Utilizing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to advance sustainable agriculture. Bacteria, 3, 434–451. https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria3040030
Zafar-Ul-Hye, M., Mahmood, F., Danish, S., Hussain, S., Gul, M., Yaseen, R., & Shaaban, M. (2020). Evaluating efficacy of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and potassium fertilizer on spinach growth under salt stress. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 52(4), 1441–1447. https://doi.org/10.30848/PJB2020-4(7)
